Last Updated October 20, 1997

The Data Page grew out of four questions I recieved from Roy Williams of Caltech. In March 1998 he's hosting a workshop "Interfaces to Scientific Data Archives". The workshop's focus will be about manipulating large amounts of data as a digital library, data mining, user interfaces, et cetera. The workshop will be based on case studies, and Roy is considering using Climate Model data; the following are Roy's questions (edited to remove informality). Click on links to view comments and links to important sites around the world.

I'd like to acknowledge the help of Jay Larson, Ricky Rood, David Lamich, for contributing advice, and all the web page authors whose pages I viewed, learned from, and assembled here.

1. Where are the main institutions that produce/use data for/from climate and weather models?

2. Is there a "recognized archive" of climate model data, so that people use it as a resource? Also, where are observational data archived? Finally, where are weather forecasting and reanalyses data archived?

3. How do you get access to the of world weather, reanalyses, and observational datasets, and how do you use the interface?

4. Finally, are there any other examples of large data archives where a heterogeneous group of people use it in different ways?

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URLs for Earth Science Data. The links are ordered as follows: NASA, NOAA, World Weather and Climate Centers, Miscellaneous.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- NASA
http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/NASA_homepage.html

• Mission to Planet Earth (MTPE): NASA's program to understand global environmental change
  http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/mtpe/
• Earth Observing System (EOS): the day-to-day interface among MTPE, EOS projects, and the Earth science community
  http://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/
• NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) WWW Information Server
  http://eos.nasa.gov/
• Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS): MTPE's data archive, distribution, and information management system for EOS and other essential Earth system science data from research satellites and field measurement programs
  http://spsosun.gsfc.nasa.gov/EOSDIS_main.html
• EOSDIS Information Management System (EOSDIS IMS): the EOSDIS search and order tool for accessing fully processed science data, detailed data product descriptions, and browse images archived at all EOSDIS Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs) (see below for a list of DAACs)
  http://harp.gsfc.nasa.gov/v0ims/
• EOSDIS Core System (ECS) Information for Scientists; information about the development of the EOSDIS infrastructure
  http://ecsinfo.hitc.com/
• ECS Data Handling System (EDHS) Home page
  http://edhs1.gsfc.nasa.gov/
• ECS Technical Management Databases (TMDB) page
  http://newsroom.gsfc.nasa.gov/tmdb/tmdb.html
• NASA's Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) is a comprehensive source of information about satellite and in situ Earth science data, with broad coverage of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, oceans, solid earth, and biosphere. The GCMD is the American Coordinating Node of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites International Directory Network (CEOS IDN) and is a participant in the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP).
  http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/
  
• GCMD Links to Internet Resources with Global Change, Earth Science and Environmental Data and Information (This is very extensive)
  http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/pointers
• The GCMD is the American Coordinating Node of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites International Directory Network (CEOS IDN) http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/ceosidn, and is a participant in the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
  http://www.usgcrp.gov/
• GSFC Global Change Data Center
  http://gcdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcdc/gcdc.html
• GCMD link to WWW Servers with Atmosphere and Climate Data and Information (has very good links)
  http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/pointers/meteo.html
  
• Some NASA Definitions; taken from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) home page.
  http://www-nsidc.colorado.edu/
• NSIDC Data Catalogue
  http://www-nsidc.colorado.edu/NSIDC/CATALOG/catalog_index.html
• Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) gateway
  http://wwwgateway.ciesin.org/
  
• NASA/NOAA Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES)
  http://poes2.gsfc.nasa.gov/
  
• POES - NPOESS Transition Study
  http://poes2.gsfc.nasa.gov/npoess.htm
  
• NASA GOES Data Set
  ftp://explorer.arc.nasa.gov/Weather/
  
• NASA GSFC Seasonal to Interannual Prediction Project
  http://nsipp.gsfc.nasa.gov/
  
• GSFC SeaWIFS Home Page
  http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html
• NASA International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP)
  http://isccp.giss.nasa.gov/
• GSFC Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch set of stratospheric climate diagnostics (Paul Neuman's discussion of NCEP data)
  http://hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/met/nmc_climatology.html
  
• NASA Data Assimilation Office (DAO). Responsible for (primarily) atmospheric data assimilation in the MTPE program. DAO data is provided to the Earth Science community primarily through the GSFC DAAC (see blow)
  /
  
• NASA Distributed Active Archives Centers (DAACs)
  http://eos.nasa.gov/daacs.html
  
• This is a listing of DAAC (and ADC) sites that currently have their home pages available. The following description of the status of the NASA DAACs was taken from the annual publication Distributed Active Archive Centers -- Supporting Earth Observing Science in 1996, http://www-nsidc.colorado.edu/NASA/DAAC_publications.html. The Distributed Active Archive Centers are the primary operating arm of the NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). The DAACs are responsible for processing, archiving, and distributing NASA Mission to Planet Earth (MTPE) data (EOS and other NASA Earth science data and supporting information) and for providing comprehensive support for users of their data. Each DAAC holds and provides data pertaining to a particular Earth science discipline, and collectively the DAACs provide a physically distributed but logically integrated database to support interdisciplinary research into global climate change. For instance, using the DAAC information management system (IMS), users can order data from any DAAC or combination of DAACs, armed solely with the knowledge of the set of parameters and spatial/temporal coverage he or she seeks, without having to know in advance at which DAAC(s) the data reside or from what instrument(s) the parameters were derived. In 1996, the DAACs distributed over two million products, a total volume of 44.9 TB (terabytes) to over 20,000 users. This included a large number of users (80%) who received small volumes of data (typically around 0.5 MB) electronically, and a smaller number who received larger volumes of data on tape (typically 29 MB) or on CD-ROM, the preferred choice for high volume data delivery.
  
  1. SAR Sea Ice, Polar Processor Imagery:
     Alaska SAR Facility (ASF's) primary mission is to acquire, process, archive, and distribute satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data for the U.S. government and research communities.
     http://www.asf.alaska.edu/
     
  2. Land Processes:
     The Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC DAAC). The purpose is to promote the interdisciplinary study and understanding of the integrated Earth system.
     http://sun1.cr.usgs.gov/landdaac/landdaac.html
     
  3. Upper Atmosphere, Atmospheric Dynamics, Global Biosphere, Geophysics:
     The Goddard Space Flight Center DAAC provides data and related services for global change research and education. Provides a source of information about the upper atmosphere, atmospheric dynamics, and the global biosphere. Help study earth's climate.
     http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov
     
  4. Ocean Circulation, Air-Sea Interaction:
     The Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC) at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) archives and distributes data relevant to the physical state of the oceans.
     http://podaac-www.jpl.nasa.gov
     
  5. Radiation Budget, Clouds, Aerosols, Tropospheric Chemistry:
     Langley Research Center (Virginia) DAAC Archives and distributing Earth Science data in the areas of aerosols, clouds, tropospheric chemistry and radiation budget.
     http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov
     
  6. Hydrologic Cycle:
     The Global Hydrology Resource Center (GHRC) DAAC at Huntsville Alabama supports product generation, archive, and distribution of research quality and operational data sets for the TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor data products. The GHRC also supports global tropospheric and stratospheric temperatures derived from the Microwave Sounding Unit, global tropospheric water vapor derived from the Special Sensor Microwave Temperature Sounder (SSM/T2), and aircraft passive microwave data collected during field experiments using the Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR).
     http://ghrc.msfc.nasa.gov:/
     
  7. Snow and Ice, Cryosphere and Climate:
     The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) DAAC exists to help broaden understanding of snow and ice, of their properties, characteristics and contexts, and of their significance for human activity.
     http://www-nsidc.colorado.edu/NASA/GUIDE
  8. Biogeochemical Dynamics:
     Oak Ridge DAAC for Biochemical Dynamics
     http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov
  9. Human Impact on Global Change:
     Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) (part of the Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Michigan)
     http://sedac.ciesin.org
  .........................................................................................................................
  
• U Delaware Climate Data Archive
  http://climate.geog.udel.edu/~climate
  
• For some time Code 912 has been experimentally receiving and forwarding a real-time data stream that contains various fields from the NCEP suite of forecast models - ETA, RUC, ensemble, and so on - see http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/staff/chiz/ncep_idd/. This is the CONDUIT feed that Unidata is facilitating for USWRP. It is intended to complement the analysis and forecast fields contained in the Family of Services. All of the CONDUIT fields are also available via ftp from NCEP directly, but CONDUIT provides delivery and avoids bog-downs at the FTP server. For the last couple of months CONDUIT has been fully operational, and plans are being laid to boost throughput by an order of magnitude to allow transmission of "most" of the NCEP products.

  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -- NOAA;
  U.S. Department of Commerce
  http://www.noaa.gov/
  

• NOAA's Satellite Active Archive (SAA), is a digital library of real-time and historical satellite data from NOAA's Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites (POES). The system allows users to search satellite data inventories, preview sub-sampled Earth images of that data and download the actual data for further processing and analysis. The current SAA deployment includes an IBM robotic archive managing 2 terabytes of satellite imagery on digital tape media with possible expansion to 50 terabytes.
  http://www.saa.noaa.gov/
  
• (from Kevin Carroll)The TDL Synoptic Scale Techniques Branch Web Site (in reference to METO630 guest lecturer Paul Dallavalle's talk on Model Output Statistics) can be found at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/tdl/synop Some interesting places to go are: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/tdl/forecast/ngm/bullform.htm This shows the NGM MOS bulletins (shown in class as FOUS 14) in real-time. Select the desired station and click on the submit button at the bottom of the page. An explanation of predictand definitions can be found at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/tdl/synop/fwcexpln.htm Other MOS products including graphical representation can be seen at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/tdl/synop/products.htm Information concerning the progress of the new AVN and MRF MOS development can be seen on the test results page at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/tdl/synop/results.htm Current research articles and Technical Procedure Bulletins are on-line as well for those interested.
  
• The Antarctic Master Directory
  http://www.scar.org/groups/amd/title.html
• The Earth Observation Center in the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA/EOC)
  http://www.eoc.nasda.go.jp/
  
• NASDA Earth Observation Data and Information System (EOIS)
  http://www.eoc.nasda.go.jp/guide/guide/eoc/eois/eois_e.html
  
• National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Home Page
  http://www.ncar.ucar.edu/
  
• NCAR Data Support Section Staff
  http://www.scd.ucar.edu/dss/staff.html
  
• NCAR Project to Interface Climate Modeling on Global and Regional Scales with Earth Observing System (EOS) Observations
  http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/eos/
  
• NCAR Computer Users 'SCDzine' Web Page
  http://www.scd.udar.edu/zine
• NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Prediction
  http://www.ncep.noaa.gov/
  
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service (NWS)
  http://www.nws.noaa.gov/
  
• National Weather Service Climate Gateway
  http://www.nws.noaa.gov/oso/
  
• National Weather Service Climate Data
  http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate.shtml
  
• NOAA Centeral Library
  http://www.lib.noaa.gov/
  
• NESDIS "National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) manages the Nation's operational environmental satellite system as well as the largest collection of atmospheric, geophysical, and oceanographic data in the world. There are three data centers within NESDIS making up the NOAA National Data Centers: The National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC)" NESDIS Home page is: http://ns.noaa.gov/NESDIS/NESDIS_Home.html
  
• NESDIS Data Centers
  
• (i) National Climatic Data Center (NCDC, Asheville NC)
  http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncdc.html
  
• (ii) National Geophysical Data Center (NGCD, Boulder CO)
  http://www.noaa.gov/nesdis/nesdis_ngdc.html
  
• (iii) National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC Washinton DC)
  http://www.noaa.gov/nesdis/nesdis_nodc.html
  
• Regional Climate centers (NOAA). Contains URL references to the: High Plains Climate Center, Northeast Regional Climate Center, Midwestern Climate Center, Southeast Regional Climate Center, Southern Regional Climate Center, Western Regional Climate Center
  http://met-www.cit.cornell.edu/other_rcc.html
  
• World Meterological Organization "Within the United Nations, the Geneva-based 185-Member Organization provides the authoritative scientific voice on the state and behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere and climate. The purposes of WMO are to facilitate international cooperation in the establishment of networks of stations for making meteorological, hydrological and other observations; and to promote the rapid exchange of meteorological information, the standardization of meteorological observations and the uniform publication of observations and statistics. It also furthers the application of meteorology to aviation, shipping, water problems, agriculture and other human activities, promotes operational hydrology and encourages research and training in meteorology."
  http://www.wmo.ch/Welcome.html
  
• Scientific Computing Division at NCAR
  http://www.scd.ucar.edu/
  
• NCAR Data Support Section (including U. Washinton archive)
  http://www.scd.ucar.edu/dss/
  
• Processing of obs for data assimilation
  http://www.meto.gov.uk/sec5/NWP/DA_OPS.html
  
• Details of UK Met Office obs data
  http://www.meto.gov.uk/sec5/NWP/DA_Obsusage.html
  
• The Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) was established in 1989 at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). We are funded by the Environmental Science Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Health and Environmental Research (OHER) as part of its Global Change Research Program.
  http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/PCMDI.html
  
• Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) supported by the US DOE through the PCMDI program. AMIP supports a community standard "control" experiment of global atmospheric general circulation models. Comprehensive analyses of the simulations will be coordinated with a diverse group of diagnostic subprojects. There will also be a special effort to study the effect of intrinsic variability with multiple (ensemble) simulations, and support will be given to some numerical experimentation.
  http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/amip/amiphome.html
  
• View the AMIP II guidelines at
  http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/amip/amipnl8.html
  
• Link to other climate model intercomparisons and related projects:
  http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/amip/oints/oints.html
  
• Reanalysis Projects:
  
• NCEP/NCAR
  http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov/
  and
  http://wesley.wwb.noaa.gov/reanlysis.html
  
• NASA DAO
  /
  
• ECMWF
  http://www.ecmwf.int/data/era.html
  
• ECMWF Data Services
  http://www.ecmwf.int/data/home.html
  
• ECMWF Reanalysis Project Description
  http://www.ecmwf.int/data/reanalysis.html
• ECMWF Re-Analysis level III-B Global Atmospheric Data Archive
  http://www.ecmwf.int/data/era.html
• ECMWF Reanalysis Global Atmospheric Data Archive for US Users
  http://www.scd.ucar.edu/dss/pub/ec-reanalysis.html
• NCEP/NCAR Re-Analysis Project
  http://wesley.wwb.noaa.gov/reanlysis.html
• NCEP/NCAR CDAS/EMC Re-Analysis Project
  http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov:8000/research/reanl.html
• NCEP/NCAR Annual Reanalysis CDROM Series
  http://www.scd.ucar.edu/dss/pub/reanalysis/annual_cdrom.html
• This NCEP Ensemble Home Page is a collection of analysis and forecast products produced by the MRF-based Ensemble forecast system. This site is updated daily.
  http://sgi62.wwb.noaa.gov:8080/ens/enshome.html
  
• University of Oxford Department of Earth Sciences International Earth Sciences Links
  http://www.earth.ox.ac.uk/~webmaint/Links/world.shtml
  
• The National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) manages environmental data in the fields of marine geology and geophysics, paleoclimatology, solar-terrestrial physics, solid earth geophysics, and glaciology (snow and ice). In each of these fields NGDC also operates a World Data Center (WDC-A) discipline center
  http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/
  
• World Data Center
  http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcmain.html
  
• WDC Guide (very extensive)
  http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcguide.html
• Michigan Electronic Library
  http://mel.lib.mi.us/science/earth.html
  
• U.K. Earth Sciences Departmental WWW sites
  http://www.esc.cam.ac.uk/earthscilist.html
  
• Index of Meteorological Sources on the Internet Put together by the Department of Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Illinous at Ubrana-Champaign
  http://www.atmos.uiuc.edu/
  
• Index of Meteorological Sources FAQ
  http://www.atmos.uiuc.edu/kemp/wefaq.html
  
• Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia
  http://www.bom.gov.au
  
• NOAA Weather Page
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/weather_page.html
  
• Naval Research Center Auxiliary Data Archives
  http://bradbury.nrl.navy.mil/cgi-bin/local/auxdata/
  
• NOAA Environmental Information Services
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/#data-centers
  
• NOAA World Data Center A, Meteorology
  http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/wdcamet.html
  
• NOAA The Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) Project
  http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/onlinedata/coads/coads.html
  
• NOAA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
  http://cires.colorado.edu/
  
• Data Products Available from NOAA
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/#data-products
  
• NOAA Environmental Services Data Directory
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/NOAA-Catalog/
  
• From the NOAA Environmental Information Services web page http://www.esdim.noaa.gov I have cut the following section
  .........................................................................................................................
  
• NOAA data are used in a variety of ways. The following non-exahustive list is for sites that use NOAA data
  
• Michigan State University uses GOES images to produce weather movies
  http://clunix.cl.msu.edu/weather/uscmp.mpgs
  
• Predictions of surfing (SurfNet) conditions in California and Hawaii from
  http://sailfish.peregrine.com/surf/surf.html
  
• Meteorological/weather data, information and products
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/weather_page.html
  
• Oceanography data, information and products
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/ocean_page.html
  
• Satellite imagery and products
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/satellite_page.html
  
• How can you find data available from NOAA?
  NOAA's largest sources of archived data are available at the following national data centers:
  National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)
  http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov
  
• National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)
  http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov
  
• National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC)
  http://www.nodc.noaa.gov
  
• Searching for Data Sets and Information from NOAA
  NOAA Environmental Information Services provides information about organizations, on-line systems, data sets, and other products available from NOAA from the data centers and other NOAA data providers.
• To find data and data products of interest, select one of the search programs below. We suggest you use the NOAA Environmental Services Data Directory:
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/NOAA-Catalog/
  
• Search selected NOAA databases (NOAAServer)
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/NOAAServer/
  
• NOAA Product Information Catalog (PIC)
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/synergy/pic.html
  
• FGDC Clearinghouse Referral Server
  http://fgdclearhs.er.usgs.gov
  
• Once you have located a data set that you wish to order or download, read the summary section to see if the data is available on-line somewhere. If not, contact the Data Center to find out how to order the data. In the near future, you will be able to download, order and/or browse the data sets using the http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/NOAA-Catalog/ NOAA Environmental Services Data Directory option.
  .........................................................................................................................
  
• World Meteorological Organization an agency of the UN, Geneva, Switzerland
  http://www.wmo.ch/
  
• WMO sponsors the World Weather Watch (WWW)
  http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/www.html
  
• WMO WWW Global Telecommunication System (GTS)
  http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/gts.html
  
• WMO WWW Data Management
  http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/wdm.html
  
• WMO WWW Global Data Processing System
  http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/gdps.html
  
• WMO World Climate Programme
  http://www.wmo.ch/web/wcp/wcphtml/wcp-home.html
  
• WMO World Climate Data and Monitoring Programme
  http://www.wmo.ch/web/wcp/wcphtml/wcdmp.html
  
• The mission of the Climate Prediction Center (NOAA CPC) is to maintain a continuous watch on short-term climate fluctuations and to diagnose and predict them. These efforts are designed to assist agencies both inside and outside the federal government in coping with such climate related problems as food supply, energy allocation, and water resources.
  http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov/index.html
  
• Climate Prediction Center Data Products
  http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/regional_monitoring/index.html
  
• Non Exhaustive list of Weather Centers
  
• NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)
  http://www.ncep.noaa.gov/. The following is a list of NCEP Centers:
  
  1. NCEP Central Operations
     http://www.ncep.noaa.gov/NCO/
     
  2. Climate Prediction Center
     http://www.nnic.noaa.gov/cpc/
     
  3. Environmental Modeling Center
     http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov:8000/
     
  4. Hydrometerological Prediction Center
     http://www.ncep.noaa.gov/HPC/
     
  5. Marine Prediction Center
     http://www.ncep.noaa.gov/MPC/
     
  6. Tropical Prediction Center
     http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/
     
  7. Storm Prediction Center
     http://www.nssl.ou.edu/~spc/
     
  8. Aviation Weather Center
     http://www.awc-kc.noaa.gov/
     
  9. Space Environment Center
     http://www.sec.noaa.gov/
     
     
• European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
  http://www.ecmwf.int/
  
• Meteo France, Toulouse
  http://www.meteo.fr/
  
• The Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach Germany
  http://www.dwd.de
  
• Met.Office (UK)
  http://www.meto.gov.uk
  
• Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia
  http://www.bom.gov.au
  
• Canadian Meteorological Centre, Environment Canada
  http://weather.ec.gc.ca/
  
• Environment Canada's Green Lane
  http://www.doe.ca/
  
• Non Exhaustive list of Climate Research Centers Note: the weather centers often do climate research as well, e.g., they might do multi-year reanalyses.
  
• Hadley Centre (UK)
  http://www.meto.govt.uk/sec5/sec5pg1.html
  
• Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS) (New York)
  http://www.giss.nasa.gov/
  
• GISS data
  http://www.giss.nasa.gov/Data/
• NCAR (Boulder)
  du/ http://www.ncar.ucar.edu/
  
• Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (Princeton)
  http://www.gfdl.gov/
  
• Centre for Earth Observation (Italy)
  http://ceo-www.jrc.it/
  
• Hadley Center Climate Data
  http://www.meto.govt.uk/sec5/CR_div/index_climate.html
  
• Satellite Imagery FAQ (University of Nottingham)
  http://www.geog.nott.ac.uk/remote/satfaq.html
  
• Charles Stuart University Weather and Global Monitoring Page
  http://www.csu.edu.au/weather.html
  
• Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology
  http://www.inmet.gov.br/
  
• The Weather Underground (USA)
  http://www.wunderground.com/
  
• MIT Programs in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate http://www-cmpo.mit.edu/
  
• NOAA Oceanography Resources on the Internet
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/ocean_page.html
  
• NOAA Environmental Research Laboratory
  http://www.erl.noaa.gov/
  
• NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
  http://www.oar.noaa.gov/
  
• University of Michigan Weathernet
  http://cirrus.sprl.umich.edu/wxnet/
  
• Penn State University Weather Pages
  http://www.ems.psu.edu/wx/
  
• Intellicast World Weather
  http://www.intellicast.com/weather/intl/
  
• Weather and Climate Resources, University of Illinois
  http://www.atmos.uiuc.edu/weather/weather.html
  
• Climate Data Sets, University of Illinois
  http://covis.atmos.uiuc.edu/geosciences/resources/data/climate/datasets.html
  
• Antarctica Meteorology Research
  gopher://gopher.ssec.wisc.edu/11/amrc.d
  
• Met.Office Links to World Weather Sites
  http://www.meto.gov.uk/sec6/sec6pg1.html
  
• NOAA's National Hurricane Center
  http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/
  
• Northern Illinois University Storm Chaser Home Page
  http://taiga.geog.niu.edu/chaser.html
  
• The Royal Meteorological Society
  http://itu.rdg.ac.uk/rms/rms.html
  
• MIT's Weather Gateway
  http://www.mit.edu/weather/
  
• Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms
  http://wwwcaps.uoknor.edu/
  
• NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory
  http://www.fsl.noaa.gov/
  
• NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory Data Products
  http://www.fsl.noaa.gov/docs/data/fsl-data.html
  
• Ilana Stern of UCAR has produced a very useful set of answers to Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ) on Meteorology and Data
  http://www.scd.ucar.edu/dss/faq/
  
• NOAA Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Homepage
  http://web.ngdc.noaa.gov/dmsp/dmsp.html
  
• Purdue Weather Processor
  http://wxp.atms.purdue.edu/
  
• Meteorological Science Hyperlinks (INPE,Brazil)
  http://www.met.inpe.br/pub-html/meteolink.html
  
• The Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA)
  http://grads.iges.org/home.html
  
• ANU Bioinformatics Hypermedia Server (what's this doing here?)
  http://life.anu.edu.au/
  
• Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum
  http://www.dkrz.de/
  
• Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz
  http://www.mpch-mainz.mpg.de/
  
• Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate
  http://www.aero.jussieu.fr/~sparc/
  
• Macquarie University Meteorological and Climatological Information Server Searcher
  http://atmos.es.mq.edu.au/MACISS/
  
• Penn State University Department of Meteorology
  http://www.met.psu.edu/
  
• The University of Birmingham Weather and Climate Links
  http://www.bham.ac.uk/geography/met/weather.htm
  
• The German Remote Sensing Data Center
  http://www.dfd.dlr.de:80/DFD/index.html
  
• Paul D. Farrar's Meteorology (view his "Data Archives")
  http://www.datasync.com/~farrar/met.html
  
• William Connolley's weather and climate links.
  http://www.nbs.ac.uk/public/icd/wmc/met.links.html
  
• Steven Babin's Meteorology Hotlist
  http://fermi.jhuapl.edu/people/babin/metlist.html
  
• UCLA Department of Atmospheric Sciences (resources)
  http://www.atmos.ucla.edu/resources.html
  
• Scripps Institute Experimental Climate Prediction Center
  http://meteora.ucsd.edu/~pierce/elnino/cast.html
  
• Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Hamburg (try)
  http://www.mpg.de/
  
• Meteorological Institute Center for Marine and Climate Research, University of Hamburg
  http://www.mi.uni-hamburg.de/index_e.html
  
• Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), Florida State University.
  http://www.coaps.fsu.edu/
  
• FSU Ocean Color Resources (a data example)
  http://www.coaps.fsu.edu/lib/libframe/
  
• The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX); good pointers to relevant data sets
  http://www.cais.com/gewex/gewex.html
• Oceanographic and Earth Science Data Services Directory UCSD (has very good links)
  http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/dataserv/
  
• British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  http://www.badc.rl.ac.uk/
  
• BADC sites organized by subject area
  http://www.badc.rl.ac.uk/links/atmos_subject.html
  
• Space Research Organization, Atmospheric Science Links, Netherlands
  http://saturn.sron.ruu.nl/~miranda/linksatm2
  
• NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, Colorado USA World Data Center-A Marine Geology & Geophysics
  http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/wdcamgg/
  
• NOAA Space Environment Center (SEC)
  http://www.sel.bldrdoc.gov/index.html
  
• University of Washington Space Physics Links
  http://www.geophys.washington.edu/Space/links.html
  
• Australian Oceanographic Data Center
  http://www.aodc.gov.au/AODC.html
  
• Regional Geophysics Section Catalogue of Products and Services
  http://gdcinfo.agg.emr.ca/cat/cateng.html
  .........................................................................................................................
  
• El Nino links
• NASA Home Page at http://www.nasa.gov/
  
• El Nino page created by GSFC: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/mtpe/,
  and click on "What's News". Also, if you click on "Science of the Earth System", you can access another El Nino monitoring and informational page maintained by JPL.
• DAO El Nino Research
  /experiments/assim54A/sample_results/elnino.html
  
• GSFC NASA Seasonal to Interannual Prediction Project El Nino-Southern Oscillaion (ENSO) page
  http://nsipp.gsfc.nasa.gov/enso
  
• NASA GSFC Seasonal to Interannual Prediction Project El Nino Primer
  http://nsipp.gsfc.nasa.gov/primer/englishprimer1.html
  
• About El Nino
  http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/glossary/elnino.shtml
  
• El Nino Theme Page
  http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/toga-tao/el-nino/
  
• El Nino Theme Page, Data Sources and Credits
  http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/toga-tao/el-nino/institutions.html
  
• El Nino Scenario
  http://www.crseo.ucsb.edu/geos/el_nino.html
  
• El Nino Resources
  http://www.coaps.fsu.edu/lib/elninolinks/
  
• ENSO Page
  http://nws.mbay.net/elnino.html
  
• El Nino and the Midwest
  http://mcc.sws.uiuc.edu/elnino.html
  
• The 1997 El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO 97-98)
  http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/ENSO.html
  
• Environmental News Network El Nino Special Report
  http://www.enn.com/elnino/
  
• At the NOAA Climate Prediction Center.
  http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov/
  .........................................................................................................................
  
• NOAA is about to start operational use of GOES-8/-9 Sounder products from the University of Wisconsin in numerical forecast models. They will use the moisture fields over the oceans to initialize large scale models every 3 to 6 hours.
  
• University of Wisconsin Space Science and Engineering Center, data and imagery
  http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/
  
• Because NOAA's budget cuts threaten to thin the radiosonde network over the USA, GOES soundings are being used in numerical experiments to see if they would be a useful supplement to a sparse raob net. The modellers do not accept the hourly GOES soundings over CONUS, where the instruments spend most of their time taking data.
  
• UK Met.Office draft WWW Document for Exchange of Observation Usage Information
  http://www.meto.gov.uk/sec5/NWP/DA_Obsusage.html
  
• NCEP Ensemble Forecasting Reference Page
  http://sgi62.wwb.noaa.gov:8080/ens/ens_info.html
  
• NCEP Ensemble GRIB File Info
  http://sgi62.wwb.noaa.gov:8080/ens/info/ens_grib.html
  
• Climate Diagnostics Center (CDC) Map Room
  http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~map/maproom/
  
• CDC Map Room Weather Products
  http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~map/maproom/text/weather_products.shtml
  
• CDC Map Room Climate Products
  http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~map/maproom/text/climate_products.shtml
  
• NCEP Ensemble Products
  http://sgi62.wwb.noaa.gov:8080/ens/enshome.html
  
• Weather Information available on the Internet(The University of Minnesota)
  http://ast1.spa.umn.edu/weather-info.html
  
• The Lighthouse online weather information (MIT)
  http://the-tech.mit.edu/Weather/
  
• The NOAA Satellites
  http://www.itc.nl/~bakker/noaa.html
  
• NASA/NOAA Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES)
  http://poes2.gsfc.nasa.gov/
  
• POES - NPOESS Transition Study
  http://poes2.gsfc.nasa.gov/npoess.htm
  
• Office of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution
  http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov/OSDPD/OSDPD.html
  
• NOAA Polar Orbiter Data User's Guide
  http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/POD/intro.htm
  
• NOAA Data Set Catalogue
  http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/NOAA-Catalog/NOAA-Catalog.html
  
• NOAA Network Information Center
  http://www.nnic.noaa.gov/
  
• COARDS Conventions for the standardization of NetCDF files
  http://ferret.wrc.noaa.gov/noaa_coop/coop_cdf_profile.html
  
• NetCDF Frequently Asked Questions
  http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/packages/netcdf/faq.html
  
• Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)
  http://www.isinet.com/
  
• UNIDATA, sponsored by NSF: Enabling Universities to Acquire and Use Atmospheric and Related Data. In UNIDATA you can get info on Data:Real-time Sources, Internet Data Delivery (IDD), Data-Stream Contents, and Access to Archived Data Software to Manage Data Software: Decoders, LDM, netCDF, udunits Software to Analyze Data: GEMPAK, McIDAS, WXP. GEMPAK was developed a few years ago by scientists at NASA, which can be used to plot different cross sections, soundings and many other plots as a diagnostic tool. McIDAS was developed by people in Winsconsin Univ., which contains VIS5D and animation capability.
  http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/
  
• NetCDF (network Common Data Form) is an interface for array-oriented data access and a freely-distributed collection of software libraries for C, Fortran, C++, and perl that provide implementations of the interface. The netCDF software was developed by Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Steve Emmerson and Harvey Davies at the Unidata Program Center in Boulder, Colorado, and augmented by contributions from other netCDF users. The netCDF libraries define a machine-independent format for representing scientific data. Together, the interface, libraries, and format support the creation, access, and sharing of scientific data. UNIDATA NetCDF FAQ
  http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/packages/netcdf/faq.html#whatisit
  
• For description of the GrADS SDF interface, take a look at:
  http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~hoop/grads.html
  
• For description of the COARDS conventions:
  http://ferret.wrc.noaa.gov/noaa_coop/coop_cdf_profile.html
  
• If using HDF (without the HDF-EOS metadata), I recommend using the NetCDF interface to HDF (Multi-file HDF, a.k.a. MFHDF). You can learn more about this interface from:
  http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/packages/netcdf/index.html
  
• For data and Program for Climate Model Diagnostics and Intercomparison.
  http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/
  
• Nottingham University METOSAT Weather Satellite Images
  http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/meteosat/
  
• Eduard Neven's Meteorology Links
  http://www.atm.damtp.cam.ac.uk/people/ecn20/meteorology.html
  
• The Center for Networked Information Discovery and Retrieval (North Carolina)
  http://cnidr.org/
• Deutscher Wetterdienst Global Precipitation Climatology Centre
  http://www.dwd.de/research/gpcc/
• key centres in Canada that perform weather forecasting and climate modeling:
  In Canada the main department that deals with this is the department of Environment, (i.e. Environment Canada) and in particular the directorate called "Atmospheric Environment Service (AES)". Under AES there is among others, the
  a) Canadian Meteorological Center (CMC) Issuing National Forecasts (Montreal, actualy Dorval)
  b) Recherche en Prevision Numerique (RPN) Developing NWP models (Dorval)
  c) Aerospace Meteorology Division (ARMA) Data Assimilation Parts in Toronto parts in Dorval
  d) Canadian Climate Center (CCC) Developing GCM's (used to be in Toronto now in Victoria (BC))
  

Space Science Data Centers

• National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC)
  NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/
  
• GPS Environmental and Earth Science Information System (GENESIS at JPL)
  http://sideshow.jpl.nasa.gov/genesis/
• GPS-Based Ionospheric Systems Development (JPL)
  http://sideshow.jpl.nasa.gov/gpsiono/
• Solar Data Analysis Center at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in
  Greenbelt http://umbra.nascom.nasa.gov/

People Who want Money

• EarthInfo Inc.
  http://earthinfo.com/earthinfo
  
• Fortner NOESYS
  http://www.fortner.com
  

Go back to Peter Lyster's home page.
Go to the Data Assimilation Office home page.